Basic cow feed making formula

1. Nutrients needed by cows at different growth stages

The ratio of concentrated feed for raising cows should be fed according to the three stages of cattle growth, and the feed ratio at each stage is different.

(1) Calf period

The growth of the calf period requires a large amount of protein. The internal organs, bones, and muscles of this period are when they are growing and developing, and the protein ratio of the feed is relatively high.

(2) The rapid growth period of the skeleton

At this time, you need a comprehensive and balanced nutrition. The balanced supply of minerals and vitamins plays a vital role in the growth of cattle. Mineral elements such as calcium, iron, zinc, selenium, phosphorus, and potassium are essential elements during the growth period of cattle. The demand for each mineral is not very large, but it is indispensable. If it is lacking, it will cause corresponding problems.

In addition, the supplement of vitamins is also essential. When the vitamins in the forage or feed can not be fully supplemented, additional supplements are needed. For example, vitamins A, D, E, etc. play a vital role in the growth and development of cattle.

(3) After fattening

The nutrient mix required for fattening cattle is relatively simple. The feed ratio of the early and middle stages is similar to that of the cows. The feed ratio of the later stage is mainly based on energy. The feed is fed according to the amount required per day, which reduces the growth rate and slows down. Too much can't be absorbed, causing waste.

The nutritional balance of cows after breeding is also very important. The nitrogen balance of feed needs to be re-adjusted. The feed for fattening cattle and cows is different. Cows need a balanced nutritional mix. The supplementation of various minerals and vitamins is very important. This problem must not be ignored, otherwise the health of the cow will be affected and eventually cause irreparable losses.

2. Cow feed formula

The gestation period of a cow is divided into pre-pregnancy, mid-pregnancy and late pregnancy.

(1) Pre-pregnancy

The period from conception to 2 months of pregnancy is the pre-pregnancy period, during which the nutritional requirements are low, and the focus is to do a good job in fetal protection.

Reference formula for refined supplements: 56% cornmeal, 10% soybean meal, 6% peanut cake, 23% bran, 4% beef premix, and 1% baking soda. The daily feeding amount of mixed concentrate is 1 to 1.5 kilograms.

(2) Second trimester

The period between 2 and 7 months of pregnancy is the second trimester, and the focus is to ensure the nutrition needed for fetal development.

Reference formula for refined supplements: cornmeal 57.5%, soybean meal 12%, peanut cake 6.5%, bran 19%, beef premix 4%, baking soda 1%. The daily feeding amount of the mixed concentrate is 1.5 to 2 kg.

(3) Late pregnancy

The period from 8 months of pregnancy to childbirth is the latter part of pregnancy. During this period, the nutritional requirements are relatively high and must not be less than the nutrients needed to ensure the rapid development of the fetus.

Reference formula for refined supplements: cornmeal 60%, soybean meal 14%, peanut cake 7%, bran 14%, beef premix 4%, baking soda 1%.

The daily feeding amount of the mixed concentrate shall not be less than 2 kg. The amount of concentrate fed was reduced by half in the last week before delivery.

(4) Fine management

After pregnancy, you should do a good job of fetal protection, pay attention to the safety of the cow, and prevent miscarriage or premature delivery. Pregnant cows should be separated from other cows and raised in separate groups; ensure that there is sufficient time to consume green roughage; drinking water, light and exercise should also be sufficient, and they need to be free to move for 3 to 4 hours a day to keep the cow's body clean.

(5) Expected date of delivery

The average gestation period of a cow is 280 days, and the range of variation is generally between 270 and 285 days. The calculation method for the expected date of delivery is monthly plus 9 and daily plus 6.

The above cattle feed formula is for reference only, and needs to be adjusted according to the actual situation.